Stratum basale
The stratum basale (basal layer, sometimes referred to as stratum germinativum) is the deepest layer of the five layers of the epidermis, which is the outer covering of skin in mammals. The stratum basale is a continuous layer of cells. It is often described as one cell thick, though it may in fact be two to three cells thick in glabrous (hairless) skin and hyperproliferative epidermis (from a skin disease).[1]
The stratum basale is primarily made up of basal keratinocyte cells, which can be considered the stem cells of the epidermis. They divide to form the keratinocytes of the stratum spinosum, which migrate superficially.[2] Other types of cells found within the stratum basale are melanocytes (pigment-producing cells), Langerhans cells (immune cells), and Merkel cells (touch receptors).
Additional images
References
- ^ McGrath, J.A.; Eady, R.A.; Pope, F.M. (2004). Rook's Textbook of Dermatology (Seventh Edition). Blackwell Publishing. Pages 3.7. ISBN 9780632064298.
- ^ Habif, Thomas P. (2010). Clinical Dermatology, 5th ed.. Mosby. p. 1. ISBN 9780723435419.
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Skin fields
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Head
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campus frontalis, campus parietalis, campus occipitalis, campus temroralis, campus facialis (campus orbitalis, campus nasalis, campus oralis, campus mentalis, campus infraorbitalis, campus buccalis, campus zygomaticus)
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Neck
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campus cervicalis anterior (campus submandibularis, campus caroticus, campus omotrachealis, campus submentalis), campus sternocleidomastoideus, campus cervicalis posterior (campus omoclavicularis), campus nuchalis
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Chest
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campus presternalis, campus clavipectoralis, campus pectoralis verus, campus mammarius, campus inframammarius, campus axillaris
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Abdomen
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campus hypochondriacus, campus epigastricus, campus abdominalis lateralis, campus umbilicalis, campus inguinalis, campus hypogastricus
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Perineum
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campus analis, campus urogenitalis
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| Subcutaneous tissue |
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| Adnexa |
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noco(i/b/d/q/u/r/p/m/k/v/f)/cong/tumr(n/e/d), sysi/epon
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proc, drug (D2/3/4/5/8/11)
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noco/cong/tumr, sysi/epon
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